framebuffer working, only cost me 8 hours!

.cargo/config

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ rustflags = [
 
 [tarcet.riscv32i-unknown-none-elf]
 rustflags = [
-    "-C", "link-args=-nostdlib -ffreestanding -fPIC",
+    "-C", "link-args=-nostdlib -ffreestanding -relocation-model=static",
 ]

Cargo.toml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ panic = "abort"
 opt-level = "z"
 debug-assertions = false
 overflow-checks = false
-strip = false
+strip = true
 lto = true
 codegen-units = 1
 
@@ -34,8 +34,10 @@ cc = "1.0"
 [features]
 default = []
 debug_messages = []
-arch_virt = ["dev_virtio", "fs_fat32", "liblbos/arch_riscv32", "ddi/arch_riscv32"]
+arch_virt = ["dev_virtio", "dev_qemu_ramfb", "dev_framebuffer", "fs_fat32", "liblbos/arch_riscv32", "ddi/arch_riscv32"]
 arch_ofw = []
 arch_ppc32 = ["compiler_builtins", "arch_ofw", "fs_fat32"]
 dev_virtio = []
+dev_framebuffer = []
+dev_qemu_ramfb = []
 fs_fat32 = []

liblbos/src/syscalls.rs

@@ -67,6 +67,19 @@ pub enum SysCall {
     WaitForNotifAck = 13,
     /// returns the environment pointer for the given task
     EnvironmentPointer = 14,
+    /// disables the kernel framebuffer console, allowing you to use it for other purposes.
+    /// if there is no device providing a gpu, this will not do anything.
+    DisableFramebufferConsole = 15,
+    /// enables the kernel framebuffer console, this will result in an immediate framebuffer console reset.
+    /// if the framebuffer console is already enabled, then it will be reset upon calling this.
+    /// if there is no device providing a gpu, this will not do anything.
+    EnableFramebufferConsole = 16,
+    /// gets a pointer to the framebuffer
+    /// if there is no device providing a gpu, this will return a null pointer
+    FramebufferPointer = 17,
+    /// flushes changes done within the given rectangle to the framebuffer
+    /// if there is no device providing a gpu, this will not do anything
+    FlushFramebufferRect = 18,
 
     /// initializes kernel, ONLY CALL ONCE! IN FACT, YOU PROBABLY NEVER NEED TO CALL THIS
     InitKernel = 666
@@ -93,6 +106,10 @@ pub fn usize2sc(u: usize) -> SysCall {
         12 => SysCall::PendingNotifications,
         13 => SysCall::WaitForNotifAck,
         14 => SysCall::EnvironmentPointer,
+        15 => SysCall::DisableFramebufferConsole,
+        16 => SysCall::EnableFramebufferConsole,
+        17 => SysCall::FramebufferPointer,
+        18 => SysCall::FlushFramebufferRect,
         666 => SysCall::InitKernel,
         _ => SysCall::NoAction,
     }
@@ -166,6 +183,22 @@ pub fn environment_pointer() -> usize {
     syscall(SysCall::EnvironmentPointer, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 }
 
+pub fn disable_framebuffer_console() {
+    syscall(SysCall::DisableFramebufferConsole, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+pub fn enable_framebuffer_console() {
+    syscall(SysCall::EnableFramebufferConsole, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+pub fn framebuffer_pointer() -> usize {
+    syscall(SysCall::FramebufferPointer, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+}
+
+pub fn flush_framebuffer_rect(x: usize, y: usize, w: usize, h: usize) {
+    syscall(SysCall::FlushFramebufferRect, x, y, w, h, 0, 0);
+}
+
 pub fn init_kernel() {
     syscall(SysCall::InitKernel, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 }

qemurun.sh

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 
 storage_device="${1}"
 
-qemu-system-riscv32 -machine virt -bios none -drive if=none,format=raw,file="${storage_device}",id=disk1 -device virtio-blk-device,drive=disk1 -device virtio-gpu-device -serial mon:stdio -m 5M -kernel target/riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf/release/lbos
+qemu-system-riscv32 -machine virt -bios none -drive if=none,format=raw,file="${storage_device}",id=disk1 -device virtio-blk-device,drive=disk1 -display sdl -device virtio-gpu-device -serial stdio -m 5M -device loader,cpu-num=0,file=target/riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf/release/lbos -monitor telnet:127.0.0.1:1235,server,nowait -d guest_errors,unimp

src/arch/ofw/ofw_framebuffer/mod.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// fixme: port this to the device-agnostic framebuffer console
+
 pub mod colors;
 pub mod extrachars;
 pub mod terminal;

src/arch/virt/asm/linker.ld

@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ ENTRY( _start )
 MEMORY
 {
     rom (wxa) : ORIGIN = 0x80000000, LENGTH = 64 * 1024
-    ram (wxa) : ORIGIN = 0x80010000, LENGTH = 1048510
+    ram (wxa) : ORIGIN = ORIGIN(rom) + LENGTH(rom), LENGTH = 64 * 1024
+    virtqueues (wxa) : ORIGIN = ORIGIN(ram) + LENGTH(ram), LENGTH = 16 * 1024 * 2
+    framebuffer (wxa) : ORIGIN = ORIGIN(virtqueues) + LENGTH(virtqueues), LENGTH = 320 * 240 * 3
 }
 
 PHDRS
@@ -53,4 +55,9 @@ SECTIONS {
     PROVIDE(_tstack_end = _tstack_start + 16384);
     PROVIDE(_heap_start = _tstack_end);
     PROVIDE(_heap_size = _MEM_END - _heap_start);
+    PROVIDE(_virtio_queue_1_start = ORIGIN(virtqueues));
+    PROVIDE(_virtio_queue_1_end = _virtio_queue_1_start + 16384);
+    PROVIDE(_virtio_queue_2_start = _virtio_queue_1_end);
+    PROVIDE(_virtio_queue_2_end = _virtio_queue_2_start + 16384);
+    PROVIDE(_framebuffer_start = ORIGIN(framebuffer));
 }

src/dev/framebuffer/console.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+use crate::dev::{framebuffer_update, FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT, FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH};
+use crate::dev::framebuffer::{fb_clearscreen, fb_write_char_array};
+use crate::spinlock::Spinlock;
+use crate::trafficcontrol::TrafficControl;
+
+pub struct FramebufferConsole {
+    pub buffer: [[char; 20]; 15], // our font is 16x16, 320x240 is the standard res, so 20x15
+    pub cursor: (usize, usize), // (x, y)
+}
+
+pub static FBCONSOLE: Spinlock<FramebufferConsole> = Spinlock::new(
+    FramebufferConsole::empty()
+);
+
+impl FramebufferConsole {
+    pub const fn empty() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            buffer: [[' '; 20]; 15],
+            cursor: (0, 0),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // does NOT send a framebuffer update! that's up to the caller
+    pub fn scroll_terminal(&mut self) {
+        for line_num in 0..(self.buffer.len() - 1) {
+            let copy_from = self.buffer[line_num + 1];
+            self.buffer[line_num] = copy_from;
+        }
+        self.buffer[self.buffer.len() - 1] = [' '; 20];
+    }
+
+    // DOES send a framebuffer update!
+    pub fn clear_terminal(&mut self, tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
+        self.buffer = [[' '; 20]; 15];
+        self.cursor = (0, 0);
+        self.render(tc);
+    }
+
+    // DOES send a framebuffer update!
+    pub fn printstr(&mut self, tc: &mut TrafficControl, str: &str) {
+        for c in str.chars() {
+            let mut was_special_char = false;
+            if c == '\n' || c == '\r' {
+                was_special_char = true;
+                self.cursor.0 = 0;
+                self.cursor.1 += 1;
+            }
+            if self.cursor.1 >= self.buffer.len() {
+                self.cursor.0 = 0;
+                self.cursor.1 = self.buffer.len() - 1;
+                self.scroll_terminal();
+            }
+            if c == '\x08' {
+                was_special_char = true;
+                // we don't clear the character, that's up to the terminal
+                if self.cursor.0 > 0 {
+                    self.cursor.0 -= 1;
+                } else {
+                    self.cursor.0 = 0;
+                    if self.cursor.1 > 0 {
+                        self.cursor.1 -= 1;
+                        self.cursor.0 = self.buffer[self.cursor.1].len() - 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if !was_special_char {
+                self.buffer[self.cursor.1][self.cursor.0] = c;
+                self.cursor.0 += 1;
+                if self.cursor.0 >= self.buffer[self.cursor.1].len() {
+                    self.cursor.0 = 0;
+                    self.cursor.1 += 1;
+                    if self.cursor.1 >= self.buffer.len() {
+                        self.cursor.1 = self.buffer.len() - 1;
+                        self.scroll_terminal();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.render(tc);
+    }
+
+    pub fn render(&self, tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
+        fb_clearscreen(tc);
+
+        for (y, line) in self.buffer.iter().enumerate() {
+            fb_write_char_array(tc, 0, y * 16, line);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/dev/framebuffer/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+use crate::dev::{
+    FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR, FRAMEBUFFER_BPP, FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT, FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH, framebuffer_update,
+};
+use crate::trafficcontrol::TrafficControl;
+use core::sync::atomic::Ordering;
+
+pub mod console;
+
+pub const VAPFONT: &[u8] = include_bytes!("./vapfont.data");
+pub const VAPFONT_W: usize = 256;
+pub const VAPFONT_H: usize = 112;
+
+pub struct FBColor {
+    pub red: u8,
+    pub green: u8,
+    pub blue: u8,
+}
+
+pub const FB_BG_COLOR: FBColor = FBColor {
+    red: 216,
+    green: 216,
+    blue: 216,
+};
+
+pub const FB_FG_COLOR: FBColor = FBColor {
+    red: 0,
+    green: 0,
+    blue: 0,
+};
+
+impl FBColor {
+    #[inline]
+    pub const fn to_bytes(&self) -> [u8; 3] {
+        [self.red, self.green, self.blue]
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn fb_write_char_array(tc: &mut TrafficControl, mut x: usize, mut y: usize, chars: &[char]) {
+    const BYTES: [u8; 3] = FB_FG_COLOR.to_bytes();
+    let ogx = x;
+    let fbaddr = FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+    if fbaddr == 0 {
+        return;
+    }
+    let fbstride = FRAMEBUFFER_BPP.load(Ordering::Relaxed) * FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH;
+    const CHAR_SIZE: usize = 16;
+    let mut drew_anything = false;
+    for c in chars {
+        let c = *c;
+        //if c == '\n' {
+        //    y += CHAR_SIZE;
+        //    x = ogx;
+        //    if y * CHAR_SIZE > FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT {
+        //        break;
+        //    }
+        //} else if c == ' ' {
+        if c == ' ' {
+            x += CHAR_SIZE;
+            //if x * CHAR_SIZE > FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH {
+            //    x = ogx;
+            //    y += CHAR_SIZE;
+            //    if y * CHAR_SIZE > FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT {
+            //        break;
+            //    }
+            //}
+        } else if c as u8 > 32 {
+            let c = c as u8 - 32;
+            let cx = (c % 16) as usize * CHAR_SIZE;
+            let cy = (c / 16) as usize * CHAR_SIZE;
+            for row in 0..CHAR_SIZE {
+                for col in 0..CHAR_SIZE {
+                    let coff = (VAPFONT_W * (cy + row)) + (cx + col);
+                    let draw = VAPFONT[coff / 8] & (0x80 >> (coff % 8));
+                    if draw != 0 {
+                        unsafe {
+                            let fb = (fbaddr as *mut u8).add(((y+row)*fbstride) + ((x+col)*4)) as *mut u32;
+                            fb.write_volatile(u32::from_ne_bytes([0, BYTES[0], BYTES[1], BYTES[2]]));
+                            drew_anything = true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            x += CHAR_SIZE;
+        }
+    }
+    framebuffer_update(tc, 0, 0, FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH as u32, FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT as u32);
+}
+
+pub fn fb_clearscreen(tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
+    const BYTES: [u8; 3] = FB_BG_COLOR.to_bytes();
+    let fbaddr = FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+    if fbaddr == 0 {
+        return;
+    }
+    let fbstride = FRAMEBUFFER_BPP.load(Ordering::Relaxed) * FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH;
+    for y in 0..FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT {
+        for x in 0..FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH {
+            unsafe {
+                let fb = (fbaddr as *mut u8).add(((y)*fbstride) + ((x)*4)) as *mut u32;
+                fb.write_volatile(u32::from_ne_bytes([0, BYTES[0], BYTES[1], BYTES[2]]));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    framebuffer_update(tc, 0, 0, FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH as u32, FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT as u32);
+}

src/dev/mod.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
+use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 use crate::trafficcontrol::TrafficControl;
 
 pub const FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH: usize = 320;
 pub const FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT: usize = 240;
 
+// NOTE:
+// FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR should always be 0 if no framebuffer exists
+// if FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR is NOT 0, then FRAMEBUFFER_STRIDE should also be NOT 0
+pub static FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(0);
+pub static FRAMEBUFFER_BPP: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(0);
+
 #[cfg(feature = "dev_virtio")]
 pub mod virtio;
+#[cfg(feature = "dev_framebuffer")]
+pub mod framebuffer;
 
 pub fn probe_devices(tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
     #[cfg(feature = "dev_virtio")]
@@ -15,4 +24,18 @@ pub fn read_sector(tc: &mut TrafficControl, buffer: usize, size: u32, sector: u6
     #[cfg(feature = "dev_virtio")]
     return virtio::read_sector(tc, buffer, size, sector);
     false
+}
+
+pub fn framebuffer_address() -> usize {
+    FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+}
+
+pub fn framebuffer_stride() -> usize {
+    FRAMEBUFFER_BPP.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+}
+
+
+pub fn framebuffer_update(tc: &mut TrafficControl, x: u32, y: u32, width: u32, height: u32) {
+    #[cfg(feature = "dev_virtio")]
+    virtio::framebuffer_update(tc, x, y, width, height);
 }

src/dev/virtio/block.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 use crate::dev::virtio::{Descriptor, VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT, VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE, VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_FEATURES, VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_PAGE_SIZE, VIRTIO_MMIO_HOST_FEATURES, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NOTIFY, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NUM, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NUM_MAX, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_PFN, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_SEL, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_ACKNOWLEDGE, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_DRIVER, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_DRIVER_OK, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FAILED, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FEATURES_OK, VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE, VirtQueue, Used};
 use crate::trafficcontrol::{TaskWait, TrafficControl};
 
+unsafe extern "C" {
+    fn _virtio_queue_1_start();
+}
+
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct Status {
     pub status: u8,
@@ -94,10 +98,17 @@ impl VirtIoBlockDevice {
             ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_SEL) as *mut u32).write_volatile(0);
         }
         let num_blocks = size_of::<VirtQueue>().div_ceil(512) + 8; // 8 extra blocks will assert that the queue is aligned to 4096 bytes
-        let queue_block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().alloc_n_blocks(num_blocks) };
+        //let queue_block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().alloc_n_blocks(num_blocks) };
-        let queue_ptr = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().block_to_addr(queue_block) };
+        //let queue_ptr = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().block_to_addr(queue_block) };
-        // align up to 4096
+        //// align up to 4096
-        let queue_ptr = queue_ptr.wrapping_add(4095) & !(4095);
+        //let queue_ptr = queue_ptr.wrapping_add(4095) & !(4095);
+        let queue_ptr = _virtio_queue_1_start as usize;
+        // zero out queue
+        for i in 0..size_of::<VirtQueue>() {
+            unsafe {
+                ((queue_ptr + i) as *mut u8).write_volatile(0);
+            }
+        }
         unsafe { ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_PAGE_SIZE) as *mut u32).write_volatile(4096) };
         unsafe {
             ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_PFN) as *mut u32).write_volatile(queue_ptr as u32 / 4096)

src/dev/virtio/gpu.rs

@@ -1,20 +1,28 @@
+use crate::arch::serial_port;
 use crate::dev::{FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT, FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH};
-use crate::dev::virtio::{free_type, heap_allocate_type, Descriptor, VirtQueue, VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT, VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE, VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_FEATURES, VIRTIO_MMIO_HOST_FEATURES, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NOTIFY, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NUM, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NUM_MAX, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_SEL, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_ACKNOWLEDGE, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_DRIVER, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_DRIVER_OK, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FAILED, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FEATURES_OK, VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE};
+use crate::dev::virtio::{heap_allocate_type, Descriptor, VirtQueue, VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT, VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE, VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_FEATURES, VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_PAGE_SIZE, VIRTIO_MMIO_HOST_FEATURES, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NOTIFY, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NUM, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_NUM_MAX, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_PFN, VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_SEL, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_ACKNOWLEDGE, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_DRIVER, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_DRIVER_OK, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FAILED, VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FEATURES_OK, VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE};
+use crate::strprint::u32_hex;
 use crate::trafficcontrol::TrafficControl;
 
+unsafe extern "C" {
+    fn _virtio_queue_2_start();
+    fn _framebuffer_start();
+}
+
 pub const VIRTIO_GPU_CMD_GET_DISPLAY_INFO: u32 = 0x0100;
 
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct CtrlHeader {
     pub ctrl_type: u32,
     pub flags: u32,
-    pub fence_id: u32,
+    pub fence_id: u64,
     pub ctx_id: u32,
-    pub padding: u32,
+    pub ring_idx: u8,
+    pub padding: [u8; 3],
 }
 
 pub const VIRTIO_GPU_CMD_RESOURCE_CREATE_2D: u32 = 0x0100 + 1;
-pub const VIRTIO_GPU_FORMAT_R8G8B8X8_UNORM: u32 = 134;
+pub const VIRTIO_GPU_FORMAT_X8R8G8B8: u32 = 4;
 
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct ResourceCreate2D {
@@ -80,6 +88,7 @@ pub struct ResourceFlush {
 }
 
 pub struct VirtIoGpuDevice {
+    pub latest_response: usize,
     pub addr: usize,
     pub queue: usize,
     pub idx: u16,
@@ -116,7 +125,7 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         // read host features
         let host_features =
         unsafe { ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_HOST_FEATURES) as *const u32).read_volatile() };
-        let guest_features = host_features; // todo: configure properly
+        let guest_features = 0; // todo: configure properly
 
         unsafe {
             ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_FEATURES) as *mut u32).write_volatile(guest_features);
@@ -152,23 +161,36 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_SEL) as *mut u32).write_volatile(0);
         }
 
-        let num_blocks = size_of::<VirtQueue>().div_ceil(512) + 8; // 8 extra blocks will assert that the queue is aligned to 4096 bytes
+        //let num_blocks = size_of::<VirtQueue>().div_ceil(512) + 8; // 8 extra blocks will assert that the queue is aligned to 4096 bytes
-        let queue_block= unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().alloc_n_blocks(num_blocks) };
+        //let queue_block= unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().alloc_n_blocks(num_blocks) };
-        let queue_ptr = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().block_to_addr(queue_block) };
+        //let queue_ptr = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().block_to_addr(queue_block) };
-        // align up to 4096
+        //// align up to 4096
-        let queue_ptr = queue_ptr.wrapping_add(4095) & !(4095);
+        //let queue_ptr = queue_ptr.wrapping_add(4095) & !(4095);
+        let queue_ptr = _virtio_queue_2_start as usize;
+        // zero out queue
+        for i in 0..size_of::<VirtQueue>() {
+            unsafe {
+                ((queue_ptr + i) as *mut u8).write_volatile(0);
+            }
+        }
+        unsafe {
+            ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_GUEST_PAGE_SIZE) as *mut u32).write_volatile(4096);
+        }
+        unsafe {
+            ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_QUEUE_PFN) as *mut u32).write_volatile(queue_ptr as u32 / 4096);
+        }
+
 
         // allocate memory for framebuffer
-        let num_blocks = (FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH * FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT * 4).div_ceil(512); // no alignment requirements afaik
+        let latest_response = heap_allocate_type::<CtrlHeader>(tc) as *const _ as usize;
-        let framebuffer_block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().alloc_n_blocks(num_blocks) };
-        let framebuffer_ptr = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().block_to_addr(framebuffer_block) };
 
         let mut gpu = Self {
+            latest_response,
             addr,
             queue: queue_ptr,
             idx: 0,
             ack_used_idx: 0,
-            framebuffer: framebuffer_ptr,
+            framebuffer: _framebuffer_start as usize,
             width: FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH,
             height: FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT,
         };
@@ -177,7 +199,7 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             ((addr + VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS) as *mut u32).write_volatile(status);
         }
 
-        // note: we heap allocate a lot of types here, they will be freed by the self.pending(tc) call
+        let mut free_me = [0; 4];
 
         // create host resource 1, ResourceCreate2D
         let cmd = heap_allocate_type::<ResourceCreate2D>(tc);
@@ -185,14 +207,14 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         cmd.header.flags = 0;
         cmd.header.fence_id = 0;
         cmd.header.ctx_id = 0;
-        cmd.header.padding = 0;
+        cmd.header.ring_idx = 0;
+        cmd.header.padding = [0; 3];
 
         cmd.resource_id = 1;
-        cmd.format = VIRTIO_GPU_FORMAT_R8G8B8X8_UNORM;
+        cmd.format = VIRTIO_GPU_FORMAT_X8R8G8B8;
         cmd.width = FRAMEBUFFER_WIDTH as u32;
         cmd.height = FRAMEBUFFER_HEIGHT as u32;
-
+        free_me[0] = unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as usize };
-        let resp = heap_allocate_type::<CtrlHeader>(tc);
 
         let desc_rq = Descriptor {
             addr: unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as u64 },
@@ -201,14 +223,20 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             next: 0,
         };
         let desc_resp = Descriptor {
-            addr: unsafe { &(*resp) as *const _ as u64 },
+            addr: gpu.latest_response as u64,
             len: size_of::<CtrlHeader>() as u32,
             flags: VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE,
             next: 0,
         };
 
         gpu.send_rq_rsp(desc_rq, desc_resp);
-        gpu.pending(tc);
+        // awful hack so that we don't overload the queue
+        while {
+            gpu.ack_used_idx == unsafe { (gpu.queue as *const VirtQueue).read_volatile().used.idx }
+        } {
+
+        }
+        //gpu.pending(tc);
 
         // attach backing, ResourceAttachBacking
         let cmd = heap_allocate_type::<ResourceAttachBacking>(tc);
@@ -216,14 +244,16 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         cmd.header.flags = 0;
         cmd.header.fence_id = 0;
         cmd.header.ctx_id = 0;
-        cmd.header.padding = 0;
+        cmd.header.ring_idx = 0;
+        cmd.header.padding = [0; 3];
         cmd.resource_id = 1;
         cmd.nr_entries = 1;
+        free_me[1] = unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as usize };
         let mem_entry = heap_allocate_type::<GPUMemEntry>(tc);
         mem_entry.addr = gpu.framebuffer as u64;
-        mem_entry.length = (gpu.width * gpu.height * 4) as u32;
+        mem_entry.length = (gpu.height * gpu.width * 4) as u32;
         mem_entry.padding = 0;
-        let resp = heap_allocate_type::<CtrlHeader>(tc);
+        free_me[2] = unsafe { &(*mem_entry) as *const _ as usize };
 
         let desc_rq = Descriptor {
             addr: unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as u64 },
@@ -238,14 +268,20 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             next: 0,
         };
         let desc_resp = Descriptor {
-            addr: unsafe { &(*resp) as *const _ as u64 },
+            addr: gpu.latest_response as u64,
             len: size_of::<CtrlHeader>() as u32,
             flags: VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE,
             next: 0,
         };
 
         gpu.send_rq_next_rsp([desc_rq, desc_mem_entry], desc_resp);
-        gpu.pending(tc);
+        // awful hack so that we don't overload the queue
+        while {
+            gpu.ack_used_idx == unsafe { (gpu.queue as *const VirtQueue).read_volatile().used.idx }
+        } {
+
+        }
+        //gpu.pending(tc);
 
         // set scanout
         let cmd = heap_allocate_type::<SetScanout>(tc);
@@ -253,14 +289,15 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         cmd.header.flags = 0;
         cmd.header.fence_id = 0;
         cmd.header.ctx_id = 0;
-        cmd.header.padding = 0;
+        cmd.header.ring_idx = 0;
+        cmd.header.padding = [0; 3];
         cmd.rect.x = 0;
         cmd.rect.y = 0;
         cmd.rect.width = gpu.width as u32;
         cmd.rect.height = gpu.height as u32;
         cmd.scanout_id = 0;
         cmd.resource_id = 1;
-        let resp = heap_allocate_type::<CtrlHeader>(tc);
+        free_me[3] = unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as usize };
 
         let desc_rq = Descriptor {
             addr: unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as u64 },
@@ -269,13 +306,28 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             next: 0,
         };
         let desc_resp = Descriptor {
-            addr: unsafe { &(*resp) as *const _ as u64 },
+            addr: gpu.latest_response as u64,
             len: size_of::<CtrlHeader>() as u32,
             flags: VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE,
             next: 0,
         };
         gpu.send_rq_rsp(desc_rq, desc_resp);
-        gpu.pending(tc);
+        // awful hack so that we don't overload the queue
+        while {
+            gpu.ack_used_idx == unsafe { (gpu.queue as *const VirtQueue).read_volatile().used.idx }
+        } {
+
+        }
+        //gpu.pending(tc);
+
+        for free in free_me {
+            let block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().addr_to_block(free) };
+            unsafe {
+                tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().free_n_blocks(block, 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        gpu.transfer(tc, 0, 0, gpu.width as u32, gpu.height as u32);
 
         Ok(gpu)
     }
@@ -287,9 +339,9 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             (*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize] = desc_rq;
         }
 
-        // assume next is always set, in fact set it if it isn't
+        // assume next is always set
         unsafe {
-            (*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize].flags |= VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT;
+            //(*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize].flags |= VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT;
 
             (*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize].next =
                 (self.idx + 1) % VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE as u16;
@@ -319,10 +371,8 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
                 (*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize] = desc;
             }
 
-            // assume next is always set, in fact set it if it isn't
+            // assume next is always set
             unsafe {
-                (*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize].flags |= VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT;
-
                 (*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)).desc[self.idx as usize].next =
                     (self.idx + 1) % VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE as u16;
             }
@@ -344,34 +394,54 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         }
     }
 
+    // WARNING: THIS VERSION OF PENDING DOES NOT FREE ANYTHING
     pub fn pending(&mut self, tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
         let queue = unsafe { &(*(self.queue as *mut VirtQueue)) };
+        let mut pended = false;
         while self.ack_used_idx != queue.used.idx {
+            pended = true;
+            let uart = serial_port();
+            if let Some(uart) = uart {
+                //uart.putstr("pended\n");
+            }
             let elem = &queue.used.ring[self.ack_used_idx as usize % VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE];
             let desc = &queue.desc[elem.id as usize];
             let addr = desc.addr as usize;
-            let num_blocks = (desc.len as usize).div_ceil(512);
+            //let num_blocks = (desc.len as usize).div_ceil(512);
-            let block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().addr_to_block(addr) };
+            //let block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().addr_to_block(addr) };
 
-            // free
+            //// free
-            unsafe {
+            //unsafe {
-                tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().free_n_blocks(block, num_blocks);
+            //    tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().free_n_blocks(block, num_blocks);
-            }
+            //}
             self.ack_used_idx = self.ack_used_idx.wrapping_add(1);
+            if self.ack_used_idx >= VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE as u16 {
+                self.ack_used_idx = 0;
+            }
+
+        }
+        if !pended {
+            let uart = serial_port();
+            if let Some(uart) = uart {
+                uart.putstr("no pended\n");
+            }
         }
     }
 
     pub fn transfer(&mut self, tc: &mut TrafficControl, x: u32, y: u32, width: u32, height: u32) {
-        // we have enough queue space to send 2 commands (4 descriptors), so lets send
+        let uart = serial_port();
-        // both the TransferToHost2D and the ResourceFlush commands in one go
+        if let Some(uart) = uart {
-        // i.e. don't call pending until the flush
+            //uart.putstr("transfer\n");
+        }
+        let mut free_me = [0; 4];
 
         let cmd = heap_allocate_type::<TransferToHost2D>(tc);
         cmd.header.ctrl_type = VIRTIO_GPU_CMD_TRANSFER_TO_HOST_2D;
         cmd.header.flags = 0;
         cmd.header.fence_id = 0;
         cmd.header.ctx_id = 0;
-        cmd.header.padding = 0;
+        cmd.header.ring_idx = 0;
+        cmd.header.padding = [0; 3];
         cmd.rect.x = x;
         cmd.rect.y = y;
         cmd.rect.width = width;
@@ -379,7 +449,7 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         cmd.offset = 0;
         cmd.resource_id = 1;
         cmd.padding = 0;
-        let resp = heap_allocate_type::<CtrlHeader>(tc);
+        free_me[1] = unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as usize };
 
         let desc_rq = Descriptor {
             addr: unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as u64 },
@@ -388,13 +458,14 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             next: 0,
         };
         let desc_resp = Descriptor {
-            addr: unsafe { &(*resp) as *const _ as u64 },
+            addr: self.latest_response as u64,
             len: size_of::<CtrlHeader>() as u32,
             flags: VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE,
             next: 0,
         };
 
         self.send_rq_rsp(desc_rq, desc_resp);
+        //self.pending(tc);
 
         // resource flush
         let cmd = heap_allocate_type::<ResourceFlush>(tc);
@@ -402,14 +473,15 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
         cmd.header.flags = 0;
         cmd.header.fence_id = 0;
         cmd.header.ctx_id = 0;
-        cmd.header.padding = 0;
+        cmd.header.ring_idx = 0;
+        cmd.header.padding = [0; 3];
         cmd.rect.x = x;
         cmd.rect.y = y;
         cmd.rect.width = width;
         cmd.rect.height = height;
         cmd.resource_id = 1;
         cmd.padding = 0;
-        let resp = heap_allocate_type::<CtrlHeader>(tc);
+        free_me[2] = unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as usize };
 
         let desc_rq = Descriptor {
             addr: unsafe { &(*cmd) as *const _ as u64 },
@@ -418,13 +490,25 @@ impl VirtIoGpuDevice {
             next: 0,
         };
         let desc_resp = Descriptor {
-            addr: unsafe { &(*resp) as *const _ as u64 },
+            addr: self.latest_response as u64,
             len: size_of::<CtrlHeader>() as u32,
             flags: VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE,
             next: 0,
         };
 
         self.send_rq_rsp(desc_rq, desc_resp);
-        self.pending(tc);
+        // awful hack so that we don't overload the queue
+        while {
+            self.ack_used_idx == unsafe { (self.queue as *const VirtQueue).read_volatile().used.idx }
+        } {
+
+        }
+        //self.pending(tc);
+        for free in free_me.into_iter().skip(1) {
+            let block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().addr_to_block(free) };
+            unsafe {
+                tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().free_n_blocks(block, 1);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

src/dev/virtio/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 //! virtio devices
 //! WARNING: virtio is currently completely broken! don't use it!
 
+use core::sync::atomic::Ordering;
+use crate::dev::{FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR, FRAMEBUFFER_BPP};
 use crate::dev::virtio::block::{VirtIoBlockDevice, VirtIoBlockDeviceError};
 use crate::dev::virtio::gpu::{VirtIoGpuDevice, VirtIoGpuDeviceError};
 use crate::spinlock::Spinlock;
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ pub const VIRTIO_MMIO_STATUS_FAILED: u32 = 1 << 7;
 pub const VIRTIO_DESC_F_NEXT: u16 = 1 << 0;
 pub const VIRTIO_DESC_F_WRITE: u16 = 1 << 1;
 
-pub const VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE: usize = 4;
+pub const VIRTIO_QUEUE_SIZE: usize = 128;
 
 pub static VIRTIO_DEVICES: Spinlock<[Option<VirtIoDevice>; VIRTIO_MMIO_DEVCOUNT]> = Spinlock::new([const { None }; VIRTIO_MMIO_DEVCOUNT]);
 pub static VIRTIO_HARD_BLOCK_DEVICE: Spinlock<Option<u8>> = Spinlock::new(None);
@@ -86,13 +88,6 @@ pub fn heap_allocate_type<T: Sized>(tc: &mut TrafficControl) -> &'static mut T {
     unsafe { &mut (*(addr as *mut T)) }
 }
 
-/// WARNING: ptr will be invalid after this function returns!
-pub fn free_type<T: Sized>(tc: &mut TrafficControl, ptr: &'static mut T) {
-    let num_blocks = size_of::<T>().div_ceil(512);
-    let block = unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().addr_to_block(ptr as *const T as usize) };
-    unsafe { tc.memory_manager.as_mut().unwrap_unchecked().free_n_blocks(block, num_blocks) };
-}
-
 pub fn probe_virtio_devices(tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
     let serial_port = crate::arch::serial_port();
     let mut devices = VIRTIO_DEVICES.lock();
@@ -139,6 +134,8 @@ pub fn probe_virtio_devices(tc: &mut TrafficControl) {
                 // gpu device
                 let gpu_device = VirtIoGpuDevice::new_and_init(tc, addr);
                 if let Ok(gpu_device) = gpu_device {
+                    FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.store(gpu_device.framebuffer, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                    FRAMEBUFFER_BPP.store(4, Ordering::Relaxed); // virtio always uses 4 byte stride
                     devices[i] = Some(VirtIoDevice::GPUDevice(gpu_device));
                     *VIRTIO_GPU_DEVICE.lock() = Some(i as u8);
                     if let Some(serial_port) = &serial_port {
@@ -201,16 +198,48 @@ pub fn read_sector(tc: &mut TrafficControl, buffer: usize, size: u32, sector: u6
     let mut devices = VIRTIO_DEVICES.lock();
     if let Some(idx) = idx {
         if let Some(device) = devices[idx as usize].as_mut() {
-            match device {
+            return match device {
                 VirtIoDevice::BlockDevice(device) => {
                     device.operation(tc, buffer, size, sector, false);
-                    return true;
+                    true
                 }
                 _ => {
                     if let Some(serial_port) = &crate::arch::serial_port() {
                         serial_port.putstr("unexpected device type (not block)\n");
                     }
-                    return false;
+                    false
+                }
+            };
+        } else {
+            let uart = crate::uart::UART::new(0x1000_0000);
+            uart.putstr("no device")
+        }
+    } else {
+        let uart = crate::uart::UART::new(0x1000_0000);
+        uart.putstr("no idx")
+    }
+
+    false
+}
+
+pub fn framebuffer_update(tc: &mut TrafficControl, x: u32, y: u32, width: u32, height: u32) -> bool {
+    let idx = {
+        let lock = VIRTIO_GPU_DEVICE.lock();
+        *lock
+    };
+    let mut devices = VIRTIO_DEVICES.lock();
+    if let Some(idx) = idx {
+        if let Some(device) = devices[idx as usize].as_mut() {
+            return match device {
+                VirtIoDevice::GPUDevice(device) => {
+                    device.transfer(tc, x, y, width, height);
+                    true
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    if let Some(serial_port) = &crate::arch::serial_port() {
+                        serial_port.putstr("unexpected device type (not gpu)\n");
+                    }
+                    false
                 }
             }
         } else {

src/main.rs

@@ -32,16 +32,6 @@ pub extern "C" fn ktask() -> ! {
     syscalls::init_kernel();
     print(b"kernel ready!\n");
 
-    //let kinfo = kinfo();
-    //print(b"\nkinfo\n");
-    //print(b"task count ");
-    //print(&u32_hex(kinfo.current_process_count as u32));
-    //print(b"\ntotal mem ");
-    //print(&u32_hex(kinfo.total_mem_blocks as u32));
-    //print(b"\nfree mem ");
-    //print(&u32_hex(kinfo.free_mem_blocks as u32));
-    //print(b"\n");
-
     // load TURNTBL.DDI
 
     {
@@ -50,6 +40,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn ktask() -> ! {
             rough_panic(['f', 's', 'e']);
         }
 
+
         let mut fs = liblbos::fs::FileSystem::empty();
         if !fs::open_fs(unsafe { &mut *(&mut fs as *mut _ as *mut _) }) {
             fserr();

src/memory.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+use crate::arch::serial_port;
 use crate::rough_panic;
+use crate::strprint::u32_hex;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "arch_virt")]
 
@@ -23,6 +25,14 @@ pub struct MemoryManager {
 impl MemoryManager {
     #[cfg(feature = "arch_virt")]
     pub fn init() -> Self {
+        {
+            let uart = serial_port();
+            if let Some(uart) = uart {
+                uart.putstr("totalmem: ");
+                uart.put_bytes(&u32_hex(MEM_BLOCKS as u32));
+                uart.putstr("\n");
+            }
+        }
         Self {
             heap_start: _heap_start as _,
             heap_size: _heap_size as _,
@@ -37,6 +47,13 @@ impl MemoryManager {
             blockmap: [0; (MEM_BLOCKS+7) / 8],
         }
     }
+    
+    pub fn is_block_free(&self, block: usize) -> bool {
+        let block = block % 8;
+        let block = block / 8;
+        let val = self.blockmap[block];
+        (val & (1 << block)) == 0
+    }
 
     pub fn block_to_addr(&self, block: usize) -> usize {
         block * BLOCK_SIZE + self.heap_start
@@ -101,8 +118,8 @@ impl MemoryManager {
                 }
             }
         }
-        
+
-        0
+        rough_panic(['o', 'o', 'm'])
     }
     
     pub fn free_n_blocks(&mut self, block: usize, n: usize) {

src/trafficcontrol.rs

@@ -203,6 +203,14 @@ pub fn handle_syscall(
                         core::slice::from_raw_parts(addr as *const u8, count)
                     });
                 }
+                if tc.use_fb_console {
+                    let mut fbcons = crate::dev::framebuffer::console::FBCONSOLE.lock();
+                    fbcons.printstr(&mut tc, unsafe {
+                        core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(unsafe {
+                            core::slice::from_raw_parts(addr as *const u8, count)
+                        })
+                    });
+                }
                 0
             }
             SysCall::ReadHBD => {
@@ -229,6 +237,15 @@ pub fn handle_syscall(
             SysCall::InitKernel => {
                 tc.init_mem_if_not();
                 crate::dev::probe_devices(&mut tc);
+                if crate::dev::FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.load(Ordering::Relaxed) != 0 {
+                    tc.use_fb_console = true;
+                    {
+                        let uart = serial_port();
+                        if let Some(uart) = uart {
+                            uart.putstr("using framebuffer console\n");
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
                 0
             }
             SysCall::SendNotification => {
@@ -330,6 +347,31 @@ pub fn handle_syscall(
                     0
                 }
             }
+            SysCall::DisableFramebufferConsole => {
+                tc.use_fb_console = false;
+                0
+            }
+            SysCall::EnableFramebufferConsole => {
+                if crate::dev::FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.load(Ordering::Relaxed) != 0 {
+                    tc.use_fb_console = true;
+                    // clear the screen
+                    let mut fbcons = crate::dev::framebuffer::console::FBCONSOLE.lock();
+                    fbcons.clear_terminal(&mut tc);
+                }
+
+                0
+            }
+            SysCall::FramebufferPointer => {
+                crate::dev::FRAMEBUFFER_ADDR.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+            }
+            SysCall::FlushFramebufferRect => {
+                let x = a1;
+                let y = a2;
+                let w = a3;
+                let h = a4;
+                crate::dev::framebuffer_update(&mut tc, x as u32, y as u32, w as u32, h as u32);
+                0
+            }
         },
         suspend,
     )
@@ -419,6 +461,7 @@ pub struct TrafficControl {
     pub inbuf_read: u8,
     pub inbuf_write: u8,
     pub hung_system: bool,
+    pub use_fb_console: bool,
 }
 
 pub struct Task {
@@ -451,6 +494,7 @@ impl TrafficControl {
             inbuf_read: 0,
             inbuf_write: 0,
             hung_system: false,
+            use_fb_console: false,
         }
     }
 

src/uart.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 use core::fmt::Write;
 
+// todo: this should probably be in the dev module
+
 pub trait Serial {
     fn put(&self, c: u8);
     fn putstr(&self, s: &str);